ASSOCIATION OF SEX, AGE, AND ABO BLOOD GROUPS WITH SERUM CXCL8 LEVELS IN PATIENTS WITH MULTIPLE MYELOMA (MM)

Noor Khalil Rashid, Lelas Farhan Bdaiwi*

Multiple myeloma is a hematological malignancy characterized by the uncontrolled proliferation of plasma cells in the bone marrow. Interleukin-8 (IL-8/CXCL8) is a pro-inflammatory chemokine that plays an important role in immune regulation, angiogenesis, and tumor progression. This study aimed to evaluate serum CXCL8 levels in patients with multiple myeloma and investigate their association with sex, age, and ABO blood groups. A total of 40 blood samples were collected from patients diagnosed with multiple myeloma between October and December 2025. Blood samples were analyzed for ABO and Rh blood group determination using the slide agglutination method. Serum CXCL8 concentrations were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS software, and significant differences among groups were evaluated using analysis of variance (ANOVA). The results demonstrated significantly higher serum CXCL8 levels in females compared with males Significant variations were also observed among ABO blood groups, with the highest CXCL8 levels detected in individuals with blood group B+, followed by O+ and A+. In addition, age-related differences were observed, with the highest CXCL8 levels recorded in the youngest age group. These findings suggest that serum CXCL8 levels may be influenced by sex, age, and ABO blood groups in patients with multiple myeloma, highlighting its potential value as a biomarker of disease-associated inflammatory and immunological alterations.