IMPACT OF HYPOTHYROIDISM ON CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE: A REVIEW

Magimai Rufus A. J., Sushmitha A., Dr. Gokila Shanmuganathan*, Dr. Deepa C. Philip, Vijaianand S.

Hypothyroidism a common condition characterized by thyroid hormone deficiency, has significant implications for cardiovascular health. If left untreated, it can lead to severe, potentially fatal outcomes. The relationship between hypothyroidism and cardiovascular disease (CVD) is intricate, involving multiple mechanisms such as disrupted lipid metabolism, endothelial dysfunction, and direct effects on the myocardium. This review synthesizes evidence from key studies to explore the pathophysiological mechanisms by which hypothyroidism contributes to cardiovascular disease. It highlights the clinical manifestations of these interactions and emphasizes the importance of understanding this relationship for the effective diagnosis and management of cardiovascular complications in patients with hypothyroidism. Early detection and intervention, particularly in populations at risk for cardiovascular disease, are crucial to prevent the progression of cardiovascular issues associated with hypothyroidism. Thyroid hormone replacement therapy, typically with levothyroxine, plays a central role in cardiovascular risks by normalizing thyroid hormone levels and improving lipid profiles. Understanding the complex interplay between hypothyroidism and cardiovascular health is essential for optimizing patient outcomes. Future research should focus on refining screening and treatment strategies, particularly for high-risk individuals, to enhance the management of cardiovascular risks in hypothyroid patients.