COMPARATIVE STUDY OF PRONIOSOMES, LIPOSOMES, ETHOSOMES AND TRANSFEROSOMES

Kalpana Devi M., *Ramesh Kumar M., Ranjani S., Ranjith Kumar S., Renuga R., Dr. K. G. Parthiban, Dr. B. Sangameswaran

Vesicular medicine delivery systems have been developed as multifaceted platforms for enhancing remedial efficacity, bioavailability, and targeted delivery of hydrophilic and lipophilic medicines. Vesicular carriers- liposomes, proniosomes, ethosomes and transferosomes- give new platforms for transdermal and topical medicine delivery. Proniosomes are greasepaint, surfactant – carpeted phrasings that transfigure into niosomes in the presence of water, working stability problems associated with liposomes and niosomes. Liposomes, made up of phospholipid bilayers, are biocompatible but naturally rigid, confining deep penetration through the skin. Ethosomes introduce high ethanol content (20-45), which enhances bilayer fluidity and improves transdermal saturation. Transferosomes contain edge- activators for ultra- deformability, yielding superior encapsulation effectiveness and deep skin targeting over liposomes and niosomes. Relative studies how transferosomes surpass ethosomes and liposomes in deformability, encapsulation effectiveness (≈ 72 vs. ≈ 42), and immunogenic response – through ethosomes shine in delivering both hydrophilic and lipophilic medicines. This review examines structural variations, manufacturing process, medicine – lading capacity, permeability, and operations to direct carrier selection in an optimal manner.