A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW ON NON-THERAPEUTIC EFFECT AND SAFETY OF COVID 19 VACCINES

Ashutosh Ghare*, Harsh Pingale, Ajay Lailkar, Prasad Sunpe, Prof. Vikranti Koli

COVID-19 continues to pose a significant threat to global health, necessitating widespread vaccination to curb its spread. This review examines the side effects (SEs) and adverse clinical cases associated with various COVID-19 vaccines, including mRNA, DNA, protein- based, and inactivated virus vaccines. A comprehensive analysis of 27 studies and 24 case reports published until 2021 reveals that localized SEs, such as injection site pain, are prevalent, while systemic SEs like headache and fatigue are also common. The safety profiles of vaccines vary, with mRNA and DNA vaccines showing more persistent SEs compared to inactivated viral vaccines. Notably, SEs are reported to be more frequent among women and younger individuals. Despite the occurrence of adverse reactions, the majority of studies affirm the overall safety of COVID-19 vaccines, highlighting the need for ongoing research to establish the pathological links between vaccination and reported adverse effects.