TO SCREEN OUT THE PHYTOCHEMICALS, ANTIBACTERIAL AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITIES DETERMINATION FOR THE PLANT “ALLIUM FISTULOSUM”

Puvarasan A/L Manoring, Nabila Perveen and Naeem Hasan Khan*

Introduction: Allium fistulosum, commonly known as Welsh onion, is widely used in traditional medicine for its purported health benefits. Despite its extensive use, scientific studies exploring its phytochemical properties, antioxidant activity, and antimicrobial potential are limited. Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the phytochemical composition, antioxidant activity, and antimicrobial properties of Allium fistulosum ethanol extracts. Method: The ethanol extract of Allium fistulosum was subjected to phytochemical screening to identify the presence of bioactive compounds. The antioxidant activity was evaluated using the DPPH scavenging assay, with ascorbic acid serving as the standard. The antimicrobial properties were assessed against Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli, and Staphylococcus epidermidis using the disc diffusion method. Result: Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of flavonoids, tannins, terpenoid, and phenol in the extract. The antioxidant activity showed a moderate effect with an IC50 value of 0.760 mg/ml, compared to ascorbic acid's IC50 value of 0.322 mg/ml. However, the antimicrobial tests indicated that the extract did not exhibit significant activity against the tested bacterial strains, as no zones of inhibition were observed. Conclusion: Allium fistulosum ethanol extract contains various bioactive compounds with moderate antioxidant properties, suggesting potential health benefits. However, the extract did not show significant antimicrobial activity against the selected bacterial strains, highlighting the need for further research. Future studies should explore higher concentrations, different extraction methods, and a broader range of microorganisms to fully elucidate the therapeutic potential of Allium fistulosum.